How Many Authors To Use Et Al

With that said et al replaces author names in endnotes footnotes and in text citations.

How many authors to use et al. Mla uses et al for works with three or more authors while chicago calls for using it with four or more authors. Social acceptance of carbon capture and storage is necessary for the introduction of technologies van alphen et al 2007. The abbreviation et al. When should i use et al in apa in text citations. When the work has 21 or more authors include only the first 19 names an ellipsis and the final name see this guideline in the fifth and sixth bullets in section 9 8 of the publication manual and example 4 in chapter 10.

Apa format requires that you cite all of the authors at the first mention if there are three four or five and use et al afterward. With in text citation is there. If there are at least six authors then you may use et al from the first mention. For works with 3 or more authors. On the subsequent citations for three four or five authors.

For sources with six or more authors use et al from the first citation. Here s how it works. The term al is an abbreviation of alii and the entire phrase et al always follows at least one person s name job position or title. Any time you have more than two authors the potential for using et al. For sources with three to five authors list all the authors the first time and use et al only in subsequent citations.

Meaning and others is used to shorten in text citations with three or more authors. However it is not used in reference lists. In all cases you should use the last name of the first author followed by et al in your in text citation. If the work has four or more authors editors the abbreviation et al should be used after the first author s name. For a work with up to 20 authors include all of the names in the reference.

Use an ampersand before the last author s name. It is also acceptable to use et al after the first author if the work has three authors. Is a latin abbreviation for and others for a reference list entries list the first 20 author names. To continue the previous example you would write the names of the two authors as potter harry and luna lovegood 3 use the abbreviation et al. Cite only the first author followed by et al.