How To Use Et Al In References

As such the first citation should spell out all their names and any subsequent citation can include et al.

How to use et al in references. Text 1st author et al year published or. With in text citation is there. Note that this rule has changed from apa 6 guidelines on using et al which recommend listing all author names in the first citation up to five authors but then using et al for the second and subsequent citations. For sources with six or more authors use et al from the first citation. The phrase et al is used with in text citations only when referencing a source that has three or more authors.

For sources with three to five authors list all the authors the first time and use et al only in subsequent citations. On the subsequent citations for three four or five authors. If you re instructed to follow the 6th edition the use of et al is slightly different. Include the name of only the first author s last name plus et al in every citation. In text citation format with et al.